We know from the very basic principles of geology that the internal structure of the earth has four layers. Crust, mantle, outer core and outer core and inner core. These layers are arranged like onions.
Researchers at the Australian National University recently found another fifth layer inside the inner core. Understanding this level, they say, will make it possible to better understand the Earth's internal structure, it’s history, and It's evolution.
The earth was formed about 4.6 billion years ago. It started with the formation of its rocky center. It is formed by the collision of heavy elements. This center is divided into two levels. The outer layer is mainly made of liquid ferrous-alloy metal. Its thickness is about 1,355 miles. The inner center is about half its thickness, about 760 miles. This part is also made of iron alloy. But here iron is not liquid, it is hard. In fact, although the heat in the outer center is impossibly high, the pressure is not so high. So the iron melts here. In the inner center, the heat as well as the pressure is much higher. This pressure prevents the iron from melting. This inner core is thought to be responsible for the Earth's magnetic field.
There is a mantle above the center. In Bengali it is called land cover. This part is mainly composed of magnesium and iron-rich silicate rocks. Its thickness is about 1,793 miles. It has a crust on it. Its thickness varies from 18.6 to 43.5 miles depending on the location.
Scientists have long suspected that the inner core may be divided into multiple layers. But so far there was no evidence in favor of it. Researchers at the Australian National University have recently found evidence of this. By analyzing data from seismograph stations in different parts of the world, scientists were studying how fast seismic waves travel through different layers of the earth. This information has come out from that study. This layer is called 'Innermost Inner Core'. If you do Bengali, it stands for the deepest inner center.
As I said before, the inner core is made of solid ferrous metal. Recent research has shown that iron ore is not the same everywhere in this part. In the inner center, 3,604 miles below the surface, this is a slight difference. That is, the beginning of the deepest inner center. Scientists believe that something very dramatic happened at or near the birth of the earth. What happened is unknown to us. But because of that incident, they think that another level has been formed in that part.
Much of the history of the world is still unknown to us today. We got a few pieces of a huge puzzle. Discovering the deepest inner center added another new piece to the scope of my knowledge. These data-evidence analyzes are not yet complete. However, the scientists of the research team think that as a result of their discovery, the textbooks of geology will have to be rewritten soon.
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